Colonel John Chivington saw that the only appropriate solution to the incessant raids and skirmishes was to permanently eliminate the Cheyenne and Arapaho from these lands. So, he ordered an attack on the peaceful village of Sand Creek.
The Cheyennes and Arapaho, at first in massive confusion, attempted to make peace overtures to deter their attackers. But within moments, a melee of violence descended on the village, with men, women and children slaughtered with pistols, rifles, swords and bayonets.
Amid the chaos, Chief Black Kettle attempted to raise the American flag given to him by President Abraham Lincoln on a pole outside his lodge, to show the soldiers that he was not only a friend of the States -United, but that it was approved by its commander in chief. However, even though Black Kettle would survive that day, countless other innocent lives were lost.
By the end of the day, an estimated 100 to 600 Cheyenne and Arapaho had been killed, most of them women and children.
Many men of the 3rd Colorado viewed their commander's actions, and those of many of their comrades, with pure disgust. However, many others who participated in the massacre collected war trophies from the dead, in the form of scalps, ears, noses and other extremities. Many of them marched around Denver, with Chivington hailed by many as a conquering hero.
But the Cheyenne and Arapaho lives lost on that brutal November day would have consequences that would reverberate across the border for years. The tribes of the Northern Plains, including the Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho, would band together in an unprecedented alliance to fight their common enemy in the United States government.
Great warriors such as Roman Nose, Crazy Horse, and Sitting Bull would all participate and cement their legacies as legendary leaders and fighters within their tribes.
But it would be a Lakota Sioux warrior named Mahpiya Luta or "Red Cloud" who would make his name known in the years to come as one of the most fearless, dynamic, capable and cunning leaders the United States military had ever faced in combat .
His campaign against the U.S. Army cavalry from 1866 to 1868 would become a frontier legend.
Don't miss this legendary tale, about a legendary character, brought to you only by History At The OK Corral: Home Of History's Greatest Shootouts & Showdowns!
CHAPTERS
12:00 a.m. – 4:44 p.m. Introduction
4:45 p.m.-12:59 p.m. The Battle of the Hundred Kills/Fetterman's Fight
25:00-51:50 The battle of the wagons
51:51-1:14:00 The Hayfield fight
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LINKS TO SOURCES
The Battle of the Hundred Kills/Fetterman's Fight
https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/new-perspectives-fetterman-fight
https://regularcavalryincivilwar.com/2015/09/07/bugler-adolph-metzger/
https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m87518
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetterman_Fight
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/20715034/adolph-metzger
The battle of the boxcars
“The Wagon Fight” by Sgt. Samuel S. Gibson. https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/43535635-the-wagon-box-fight
“The Wagon Box Fight: An Episode from Red Cloud's War” by Jerry Keenan. https://a.co/d/dwF7OqX
https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Wagon_Box_Fight
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagon_Box_Fight
https://sheridanmedia.com/news/111992/accounts-of-the-wagon-box-fight/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetterman_Fight
https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/locating-past-marking-site-wagon-box-fight
Hayfield's fight
https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/wagon-box-fight-1867
https://sheridanmedia.com/news/93918/the-portugee-phillips-ride-the-facts-and-the-legend/
https://encyclopediavirginia.org/735hpr-4c8525f4a23e10f/#::textThe%20bodies%20of%20Fetterman's%20soldiers,Noses%20cut%20off.
https://www.nps.gov/bica/learn/historyculture/hayfield-fight.htm#::textLieutenant%20Sternberg%2C%20who%20had%20%E2%80%9Cstood,first%20casualty%20of%20the% 20 fight.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayfield_Fight
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Cloud%27s_War
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