History of women in aviation. Pioneering women pilots from 1900 to the present
Pioneering women pilots, 1900 to 1945.
Many women and men alike have looked up to the sky and dreamed of flying.
Women were riding in hot air balloons soon after their invention in the 1700s, and as soon as practical airplanes became available, women wanted to learn to fly them, too.
Learning to fly costs money (some things never change) and the social mores of the time did not encourage women to take on such adventurous activities.
Some women defied these conventions, but in terms of a percentage of all pilots, there were not very many of them. At the start of the 20th century, only 6% of pioneer pilots were women.
On March 8, 1910, Raymonde de Laroche was the first woman to obtain a pilot's license.
A greater number of French women obtained their pilot's license between 1910 and 1914 and a dozen others flew without worrying about obtaining a license.
A handful of women in Belgium, Germany, Italy and even Russia would also obtain their licenses before 1914.
In the United States, Harriet Quimby obtained her license on August 2, 1911.
Six additional Americans would obtain their licenses before 1914.
Unlike women in European countries, who were stranded by World War I, a few American women obtained their licenses in 1916.
It took courage to fly these first planes.
There was no cockpit in the first planes. The pilot sat on the leading edge of the lower wing, his body exposed to the elements.
At first, women wore dresses when they flew, dresses that came down to their ankles, but eventually they began to wear pants – much to the outrage of polite society who thought it was not acceptable to being able to see a woman's eyes. lower limbs."
How times have changed.
When World War I broke out, European civilians were no longer allowed to fly. A few women attempted to volunteer to serve their country in the armed forces, but none were accepted.
In the United States after 1916 the same restriction applied. Katherine Stinson, a renowned aviator known as the “Flying Schoolmarm,” spent the war years teaching male pilots how to fly.
After the war, few pioneers returned to aviation.
A few had died while performing at air shows before the war (Harriet Quimby was one), most had married, and with husbands and children to support, they no longer had time to pursue their love of aviation.
However, a new generation of women learned to fly in the 1920s and 1930s.
Some of the most famous American pilots were Amelia Earhart, Pancho Barnes, Elinor Smith, Phoebe Omlie and Jackie Cochran.
In Britain, after the outbreak of World War II, the British Air Transport Auxiliary was established.
Continued in the video…
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