About 12,000 years ago, humans transitioned from the mobile lifestyle of hunter-gatherers to the sedentary life of farmers. This period, the Stone Age, gave rise to monumental constructions. How did our ancestors live and build at this time? The second part of this two-part documentary takes us to unique archaeological sites in Scotland, Brittany, Austria, Malta, Turkey and Jordan. The gigantic stone circles, temples and tombs of the Stone Age raise the question not only of why this effort was made, but also of how, given the technical possibilities of the time, our ancestors were able to build structures like the Barnenez tumulus. or the Orkney stone ring. How many people did it take to transport a 20 ton stone? A team led by experimental archaeologist Wolfgang Lobisser is carrying out a test with a wooden sled and a two-ton block of stone. The Neolithic seems to have been a fairly peaceful time; at least, no artifacts indicating military conflicts have been found so far. Raids and attacks that wiped out entire villages were only confirmed for the late Bronze Age. But the foundations for many disputes were laid at this time. In addition to objects of worship, the Neolithic also saw the development of the first trading systems. /"The Neolithic inhabitants were the first to become truly dependent on material goods/," explains Marion Benz of the University of Fribourg, pointing to the very fine sandstone rings that researchers discovered in large numbers in the Neolithic village of Ba'. yes in Jordan. We need to know prehistory to understand the present. Demographic explosion, consumerism and megacities are ultimately the legacy of the Neolithic period, the era of the appearance of sedentary societies.
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