![The MacAdam Shield shovel: one of Sam Hughes' stupidest ideas](https://ytimg.googleusercontent.com/vi/PMZ0a_Sc-BA/oar2.jpg)
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Sources
At The Sharp End Volume One: Canadians Fighting the Great War 1914-1916 by Tim Cook
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Pictures
Sam Hughes holding the McAdam shovel
BAC: Item ID number 3195178
MacAdam patent
https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/fra/discover/patents-1869-1919/Pages/image.aspx?Imagee005691674&URLjpghttp%3a%2f%2fdata2.collectionscanada.ca%2fe%2fe228%2fe005691674.jpg&Ecopye005691674
Colonel Sam Hughes watches Sergeant Hawkins demonstrate the MacAdam Shovel (Shield)
Victoria University Libraries, set 72157655633532261, ID 19507329346,
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