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WHAT IS A MESOCYCLONE?
The mesocyclone is the engine of the strongest and most dangerous thunderstorms and the one that causes the most intense tornadoes on Earth. When a thunderstorm develops in an atmosphere with strong changes in wind speed and/or direction with height, the updraft can twist and turn in the form of a vertical column becoming a mesocyclone. The effects of this mesocyclone on storm clouds can appear supernatural with wind-sculpted structures resembling flying saucers, alien craft hovering beneath the storm's base, or invading motherships casting menacing shadows.
The presence of a mesocyclone can allow a storm to persist for hours as a supercell. Technically, /"mesocyclone/" is a term used for radar analysis defining rotation on the scale of convective storms that responds to a specific magnitude, vertical depth, and duration.
– Cyclonic rotating vortex in a convective storm
– 2-10 km in diameter
– Vorticity 10-2 S-1 or higher
When Doppler radar detects a mesocyclone exhibiting intensifying rotation, a tornado warning may be issued. Most mesocyclones do not produce tornadoes. Sometimes they produce small, brief tornadoes. Sometimes they summon huge, long-lived monsters. Mesocyclones are often accompanied by frequent lightning, especially evident at night. On May 25 of this year, storm chasers in New Mexico stood speechless for hours as a nearly stationary supercell put on an out-of-this-world light show.
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