The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and Great Britain and was a consequence of the Napoleonic Wars in Europe.
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In this summary of the War of 1812, I will walk you through the causes of the war, what really happened, and who won it.
Somewhat confusingly, the fight did not take place until 1812, but lasted almost three years and ended in 1815.
It was the first time the United States had gone to war against a foreign enemy and, oddly, for a war fought primarily around the freedom of American ships to sail the high seas, it was fought primarily on land.
Additionally, America's greatest naval victory was fought 1,000 from the sea!
Americans look back with pride on their emphatic victory over the British at the Battle of New Orleans and the British (if they know anything about that war) will remind our American cousins that we burned down the Capitol and the White House… more on both. these events later.
What were the causes of the War of 1812?
A combination of British and Native American intrigues to attack American citizens, American ships searched and prevented from trading with France by the Royal Navy, and American citizens impressed by the Royal Navy.
When did the War of 1812 start?
On June 18, 1812, President James Maddison declared war on Great Britain.
It was the first time the United States had declared war on another country.
What happened during the War of 1812?
Although it was a war for the freedom of American shipping on the high seas, it was fought primarily on land.
The American invasion of Canada was defeated at the Battle of Queenston Heights, and over the next two years new invasions fared no better.
Ironically, the Americans had more success on the water, notably at the Battle of Lake Erie, where Oliver Hazard Perry annihilated a British fleet.
In 1814, after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte in Europe, the British sent combat-experienced troops to North America.
Their invasion of Canada into New York State was defeated at the Battle of Plattsburgh.
A British army of more than 4,000 men under the command of General Ross landed near Washington DC and quickly captured the capital.
The Capitol building and the executive mansion (the White House) were burned.
However, they were unable to capitalize on this success during the Battle of Baltimore since, despite a 25-hour bombardment, they were unable to dislodge the American defenders of Fort McHenry.
The defense of Fort McHenry inspired poet Francis Scott Keys to write a musical poem…the Star Spangled Banner.
It became the national anthem of the United States.
In early 1815, the British were decisively defeated at the Battle of New Orleans by Andrew Jackson.
Ironically, this bloody battle took place after the Treaty of Ghent was signed, but before it arrived across the Atlantic to be ratified by President Madison.
When did the War of 1812 end?
Oddly, despite its name, the war lasted until 1815.
How did the War of 1812 end?
With the Treaty of Ghent.
The treaty essentially restored the pre-war status quo in North America.
#warof1812 #print #battleofneworleans
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My name is Chris Green ("The History Chap/") and I'm on a mission to share Britain's incredible history so we can appreciate where we come from and why we are here.
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